What does RPGN mean?
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinical and pathological syndrome; a term used to describe the following: Rapid loss of renal function over a very short period (days to weeks) Nephritic urine analysis: proteinuria, micro or macroscopic hematuria, dysmorphic red blood cells (RBC), RBC casts.
Is RPGN nephritic or nephrotic?
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is acute nephritic syndrome accompanied by microscopic glomerular crescent formation with progression to renal failure within weeks to months. Diagnosis is based on history, urinalysis, serologic tests, and renal biopsy.
What is the difference between acute glomerulonephritis and RPGN?
RPGN describes a clinical syndrome of rapid loss of renal function over days to weeks in patients with evidence of glomerulonephritis. In contrast, crescentic nephritis is a histopathologic description of kidney biopsy specimens that demonstrate the presence of crescents in more than 50% of glomeruli.
What is the most common type of RPGN?
ANCA-associated GN, or pauci-immune crescentic GN, is the most common form of RPGN, accounting for 80% of cases. This entity lacks tissue immune deposits though the glomerular disease is mediated by an immunologic mechanism.
What is Picgn?
Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PICGN) is a rapidly progressive condition leading to renal failure within days or weeks and is potentially life threatening. Majority of these patients have clinical or pathological evidence of systemic vasculitis.
What is the difference between nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis?
GN may be restricted to the kidney (primary glomerulonephritis) or be a secondary to a systemic disease (secondary glomerulonephritis). The nephrotic syndrome is defined by the presence of heavy proteinuria (protein excretion greater than 3.0 g/24 hours), hypoalbuminemia (less than 3.0 g/dL), and peripheral edema.
Is RPGN reversible?
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) results from severe crescentic damage to glomeruli and leads to irreversible kidney failure if not diagnosed and managed in a timely fashion.
What is focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis?
Pauci-immune focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis (FNGN) is a severe inflammatory disease associated with autoantibodies to neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA).
What is the difference between P ANCA and C ANCA?
c-ANCA are primarily, but not exclusively, directed against proteinase 3 (PR3, in azurophilic granules), while the p-ANCA are most commonly directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO, also in azurophilic granules), but with a much wider group of potential intracellular targets.
What is Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a pattern of glomerular injury on kidney biopsy with characteristic light microscopic changes, including hypercellularity and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). MPGN is a histologic lesion and not a specific disease entity.
How do you classify glomerulonephritis?
The etiology of GN is based on the classification of GN into five groups: immune complex–mediated GN, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated GN, anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) GN, monoclonal immunoglobulin-mediated GN and C3 glomerulopathy.
What are the different types of glomerulonephritis?
There are two types of glomerulonephritis—acute and chronic. The acute form develops suddenly. You may get it after an infection in your throat or on your skin….The early symptoms of the acute disease are:
- puffiness of your face in the morning.
- blood in your urine (or brown urine)
- urinating less than usual.
What causes necrotizing glomerulonephritis?
Glomerulonephritis may develop a week or two after recovery from a strep throat infection or, rarely, a skin infection caused by a streptococcal bacteria (impetigo). Inflammation occurs when antibodies to the bacteria build up in the glomeruli.
What is necrotizing nephritis?
Pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis (NCGN) refers to extensive glomerular inflammation with few or no immune deposits that may result in rapid decline in renal function if left untreated. Lupus nephritis (LN) can present with a NCGN.
What is pANCA and cANCA?
There are two main kinds of ANCA. Each targets a specific protein inside white blood cells: pANCA, which targets a protein called MPO (myeloperoxidase) cANCA, which targets a protein called PR3 (proteinase 3)