What are the main causes of mental retardation?
There are various known causes of mental retardation:
- Various genetic disorders like Down’s Syndrome.
- Certain maternal infections (rubella)during pregnancy.
- Alcohol abuse during pregnancy.
- Certain psycho social.
- Drug abuse during pregnancy.
- Maternal exposure to environmental chemicals.
What are the classification of mental retardation?
The DSM-IV classifies mental retardation into four stages based on severity: mild (IQ score of 50-55 to approximately 70), moderate (IQ score of 30-35 to 50-55), severe (IQ score of 20-25 to 35-40), and profound (IQ score of less than 20-25).
What are the common characteristics of persons with mental retardation?
Some of the most common signs of intellectual disability are:
- Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking late.
- Talking late or having trouble with talking.
- Slow to master things like potty training, dressing, and feeding themselves.
- Difficulty remembering things.
- Inability to connect actions with consequences.
Is there any treatment for mental retardation?
There is no medical treatment for intellectual impairment since it is not a disease condition. Treatment strategy involves rehabilitation of the child and making him acquire adaptive skills for everyday life.
What are the treatment of mental retardation?
The treatment of mental retardation is predominantly nonmedical. It involves education to achieve maximal learning potential, habilitation, vocational training, and normalization of social and recreational activities. Most children and adults do not have medically identifiable causes for their mental retardation.
What are the prevention of mental retardation?
Prenatal diagnosis, newborn screening, dietary supplementation or restriction, hormone replacement, vaccination, and immunotherapy are just some of the techniques that have been applied to prevent mental retardation.
What are mental retardation in India?
Mental Retardation in India The AAMD (1983) definition reads “Mental retardation refers to a significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning resulting in or associated with concurrent impairments in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period” (Grossman, 1983).
When was mental retardation changed to intellectual disability in India?
Disabilities Act (PWD), 1995 mental retardation has been recognized as a disability with an identity of its own.
What is mental retardation in education?
Definition reads “Mental Retardation is a disability characterized by significant limitations, both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, as expressed in conceptual, social and practical adaptive skills, the disability originating before the age of 18 years.
Who defined mental retardation?
Mental retardation: The condition of having an IQ measured as below 70 to 75 and significant delays or lacks in at least two areas of adaptive skills. Mental retardation is present from childhood. Between 2 and 3 percent of the general population meet the criteria for mental retardation.