What is SSEA 4?
Expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) defines spontaneous loss of epithelial phenotype in human solid tumor cells. Glycobiology.
What are pluripotency markers?
Pluripotency is the ability of a cell to differentiate into any cell type. The ability to induce pluripotency in cells from an individual provides a valuable tool for developmental biology studies and disease research studies, and could ultimately be applied to personalized stem cell therapy.
Is Sox2 a protein?
Sox2 is a member of the Sox family of transcription factors, which have been shown to play key roles in many stages of mammalian development. This protein family shares highly conserved DNA binding domains known as HMG (High-mobility group) box domains containing approximately 80 amino acids.
Which is the marker of induced pluripotency?
In addition to the ability to give rise to all cell types, a number of molecular markers have been identified to verify the pluripotent status of stem cells. For example, human pluripotent stem cells express the cell surface proteins SSEA-4 and Alkaline Phosphatase and the transcription factors Oct-3/4 and Nanog.
What is SOX2 used for?
The SOX2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the formation of many different tissues and organs during embryonic development. The SOX2 protein is especially important for the development of the eyes.
Where is SOX2 gene expressed?
Sox2 expression is initially detected in cells at the morula stage, becoming more specifically located in the ICM of blastocyst and epiblast[12] during the latter stages. This implies that Sox2 may have important roles in the formation of early pluripotent embryonic cells.
What are the 4 Yamanaka factors?
Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) are highly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, and their over-expression can induce pluripotency in both mouse and human somatic cells, indicating that these factors regulate the developmental signaling network necessary for ES cell pluripotency.
How do you identify an induced pluripotent stem cell?
The expression of pluripotency markers was measured by immunostaining, and the expression of stem cell-related genes was detected by qRT-PCR; distortion during the induction process was detected by karyotype analysis; the differentiation potential of iPSCs was determined by embryoid body-formation and teratoma- …
How many CD markers are there?
The number of CD markers has grown constantly and was expanded to other cell types. Today there are more than 320 CD clusters described in humans. For more information and a comprehensive list of CD markers please visit www.hcdm.org .
How many cell markers are there?
The current version of CellMarker includes more than 13 605 manually curated cell markers in human, involving 467 cell types and 158 tissues/sub-tissues, and 9148 markers in 389 cell types from 81 tissues/sub-tissues in mouse.
How is SOX2 syndrome diagnosed?
The diagnosis of SOX2 disorder is established in a proband in whom molecular genetic testing identifies either a heterozygous intragenic SOX2 pathogenic variant or a deletion that is intragenic or a deletion of 3q26.
What is SOX2 marker?
SOX2, a persistent marker for multipotential neural stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells, the embryo or the adult. Dev Neurosci.
What are the four genes factors that were identified in embryonic stem cells that could be used to make adult cells into iPS cells?
Retroviral-mediated introduction of four factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc can successfully reprogram somatic cells into ES cell-like pluripotent stem cells, known as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
What are Yamanaka factors used for?
The Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) are a group of protein transcription factors that play a vital role in the creation of induced pluripotent stem cells (cells that have the ability to become any cell in the body), often called iPSCs. They control how DNA is copied for translation into other proteins.
What CD markers indicate leukemia?
CD38 is a diagnostic marker of chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL) that plays a vital role in activating intracellular signaling pathways following the stimulation of malignant B-cells receptors.
What CD markers are present in CLL?
Results from the flow cytometry show the detected CD numbers, which doctors use to compare to regular and irregular cells, allowing them to form a diagnosis. Based on a 2018 study , the minimum marker sets that doctors look for in CLL diagnosis include CD5, CD19, CD23, CD20, Kappa, and Lambda.
What is CD45 marker?
Answer. CD45 is used as a marker of all hematopoietic cells (blood cells), except for mature erythrocytes (red blood cells) and platelets.
What is SOX2 genetic disorder?
SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal development of the eyes and other parts of the body. People with SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome are usually born without eyeballs (anophthalmia), although some individuals have small eyes (microphthalmia).