What is the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation?
During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons derived from NADH and FADH2 combine with O2, and the energy released from these oxidation/ reduction reactions is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP.
What happens in the electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation is made up of two closely connected components: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, and energy released in these electron transfers is used to form an electrochemical gradient.
What happens in oxidative phosphorylation simple?
What is oxidative phosphorylation? Oxidative phosphorylation is the process where energy is harnessed through a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner-membrane of mitochondria (called the electron transport chain and ATP synthase) to create ATP.
Where do electrons come from in oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation has two parts: the electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis. The ETC is a collection of proteins bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane and organic molecules, which electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy.
What are the 3 steps of oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative Phosphorylation Steps
- Delivery of Electrons by NADH and FADH2. Reduced NADH and FADH2 transfer their electrons to molecules near the beginning of the transport chain.
- Electron Transport and Proton Pumping.
- Splitting of Oxygen to form Water.
- ATP Synthesis.
How many steps are involved in oxidative phosphorylation?
This oxidative-phosphorylation process consists of two steps: the oxidation of NADH (or FADH2) and the phosphorylation reaction which regenerates ATP.
What are the stages of oxidative phosphorylation?
The major steps of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria include:
- Delivery of Electrons by NADH and FADH2. Reduced NADH and FADH2 transfer their electrons to molecules near the beginning of the transport chain.
- Electron Transport and Proton Pumping.
- Splitting of Oxygen to form Water.
- ATP Synthesis.
In what order do the electrons move through the electron transport chain?
The electrons must travel through special proteins stuck in the thylakoid membrane. They go through the first special protein (the photosystem II protein) and down the electron transport chain. Then they pass through a second special protein (photosystem I protein).
In what direction are protons pumped by the electron transport chain in chloroplasts?
The passing of the electron in the first part of the electron transport chain causes protons to be pumped from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen. A concentration gradient formed (with a higher concentration of protons in the thylakoid lumen than in the stroma).
What are the phases of oxidative phosphorylation?
The three major steps in oxidative phosphorylation are (a) oxidation-reduction reactions involving electron transfers between specialized proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane; (b) the generation of a proton (H+) gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane (which occurs simultaneously with step (a …
What is the first step of oxidative phosphorylation?
The first step in oxidative phosphorylation is the oxidation, or loss of electrons, from NADH and FADH2, two of the products from the citric acid cycle.
What are the two stages of oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration?
Oxidative phosphorylation happens in two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
What are the inputs and outputs of oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP is synthesised when electrons are transported from the energy precursors produced in the citric acid cycle through various enzyme complexes to molecular oxygen. The input is NADH, FADH2, O2 and ADP. The output is NAD+, FAD+, H2O and ATP.
How are electrons transported to the membrane at the beginning of the electron transport chain process quizlet?
Delivery of electrons by NADH and FADH2: Reduced electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) from other steps of cellular respiration transfer their electrons to molecules near the beginning of the transport chain. In the process, they turn back into NAD+ and FAD, which can be reused in other steps of cellular respiration.
What order do electrons move through the electron transport chain?
How do protons move across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The inner membranes of the large mitochondria in these cells contain a special transport protein that allows protons to move down their electrochemical gradient, by-passing ATP synthase. As a result, the cells oxidize their fat stores at a rapid rate and produce more heat than ATP.
What are the reactants and products of oxidative phosphorylation?
| Glycolysis | Oxidative Phosphorylation | |
|---|---|---|
| Reactants | Glucose 2 ATP 2 NAD+ | 8 NADH 4 FADH2 6 O2 |
| Products | 2 pyruvate 4 ATP 2 NADH | 8 NAD+ 4 FAD+ 32 ATP 6 H2O |
| ATP required | 2 | None |
| ATP produced | 4 | 32 |
How are electron transported to the membrane at the beginning of the electron transport chain process?
The electron transport chain is a series of electron transporters embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that shuttles electrons from NADH and FADH2 to molecular oxygen. In the process, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space, and oxygen is reduced to form water.
What is the order for the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain in mitochondria quizlet?
Electrons move through the electron transport chain by electron carriers. Electrons in complex I flow from NADH through complex 1 to Q in complex III. Electrons in complex II flow from succinate to FADH2 to Q in complex III.
Why do hydrogen ions protons flow back across the mitochondrial membrane?
The pumping of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane creates a greater concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower.