What is tri ortho cresyl phosphate?
Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP) is an organophosphorus substance that has been responsible for several incidents of mass poisoning. During prohibition, contamination of an alcoholic beverage containing ginger extract with TOCP led to an epidemic that became known as the Ginger-Jake syndrome.
What is TOCP oil?
Tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is widely used in lacquers and varnishes, as a plasticizer in vinyl plastics, and as an additive in lubricating oils (1). TCP usually exists along with its iso- meric forms, viz., ortho, meta, and para, of which tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) is a highly toxic and cumulative poison (1, 2).
Are phosphate esters phospholipids?
Phospholipids are similar to the triglycerides with a couple of exceptions. Phospholglycerides are esters of only two fatty acids, phosphoric acid and a trifunctional alcohol – glycerol (IUPAC name is 1,2,3-propantriol).
Where are phosphate esters found?
Introduction. Phosphate esters and anhydrides are present in important biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nucleoside diphosphate sugars, dinucleoside polyphosphates, inorganic polyphosphate, vitamins, inositol poly- and pyrophosphates, phospholipids, various metabolites and proteins.
What is the structure of phosphate?
PO₄³⁻Phosphate / Formula
What are the two types of phosphates?
There are too many variations of phosphates to name, so let’s divide them into two main subcategories: organic and inorganic phosphates.
What are triglycerides and phosphoglycerides?
Triglycerides and phospholipids are both lipids that serve certain functions in the body. However, they differ slightly in structure and function. Triglycerides have glycerol and three fatty acids, which makes them fats. Phospholipids are not fats, since they have glycerol, two fatty acids and phosphorus.
What is the structure of glycerophospholipids?
Glycerophospholipids. Glycerophospholipids, comprising half of the brain’s lipids, consist of a polar head group attached to a glycerol backbone and up to two fatty acyl chains. Glycerophospholipids are dominant in cell membranes providing stability, fluidity, and permeability.
What is the importance of esters?
Esters can help enhance flavor and are especially useful as an emulsifier. Emulsifiers are surfactants, meaning they reduce surface tension between two immiscible liquids, such as water and oil, thereby stabilizing the mixture.
What is the structure of H 3 po4?
H3PO4Phosphoric acid / Formula
What is the structure of po4 3?
Lewis structure of PO43- ion In the lewis structure of PO43-, three is a double bond between phosphorous atom and one oxygen atom. Between other oxygen atoms, there are only single bonds with phosphorous atom. Also, each oxygen atom has a -1 charge.
What is another name for phosphates?
In this page you can discover 18 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for phosphate, like: orthophosphate, sulphate, chloride, potassium, phosphorus, triose, tricalcium, sulfate, ammonium, nitrate and magnesium.
Are phospholipids and phosphoglycerides the same?
The term phosphoglyceride is used by some as a synonym for phospholipid and by others to denote a subgroup of phospholipids. In general, phospholipids are composed of a phosphate group, two alcohols, and one or two fatty acids.
Why is phosphoglycerides are found in cell membrane?
Membranes are therefore selectively permeable structures; a property that helps to prevent leakage and protect the cell from the passive entry of many toxins. Phosphoglycerides have a hydrophilic polar head and a hydrophobic fatty acid tail.
What are two uses of esters?
The main use of esters is for flavourings and perfumes, however they can also be used in the chemicals industry as solvents.
What are the 5 uses of esters?
There are various uses of esters.
- Esters that are have fragrant odours are used as a constituent of perfumes, essential oils, food flavourings, cosmetics, etc.
- Esters are used as an organic solvent.
- Natural esters are found in pheromones.
- Naturally occurring fats and oils are fatty acid esters of glycerol.