What is the Defeasibility theory?
According to the defeasibility theory of knowledge, the defect involved can be characterized in terms of evidence that the subject does not possess which overrides, or defeats, the subject’s prima facie justification for belief. This account holds that knowledge is indefeasibly justified true belief.
What kind of argument is defeasible?
Defeasible reasoning is a particular kind of non-demonstrative reasoning, where the reasoning does not produce a full, complete, or final demonstration of a claim, i.e., where fallibility and corrigibility of a conclusion are acknowledged. In other words, defeasible reasoning produces a contingent statement or claim.
Do laws have exceptions?
It is a common feature of rules, in law and elsewhere, that they are subject to exceptions. Killing another person is a crime, unless it is in self-defense, or unless it is done by a police officer in performance of his duties.
What is the meaning of logic in law?
of legal reasoning. Apparently to lawyers logic has meant, in a formal. sense, reasoning by means of the traditional Aristotelian syllogism, or, in an informal sense, any use of legal rules that is somehow intuitively. felt or thought to be correct.
What are Defeasibility conditions?
So more generally, defeasibility refers to a kind of epistemic liability or vulnerability, the potential of loss, reduction, or prevention of some positive epistemic status. A defeater is, broadly speaking, a condition that actualizes this potential.
What is a defeater in an argument?
A defeasible argument, on the other hand, allows the retraction of its conclusion as new evidence is acquired without denying the truth of its premises. The evidence responsible for this retraction is called a defeater.
Are inductive arguments defeasible?
As this example shows, inductive arguments are defeasible arguments since by adding further information or premises to the argument, we can overturn (defeat) the verdict that the conclusion is well-supported by the premises.
What is an exception in law?
An exception is in essence a pleading in which a party raise an objection to the summons or plea on the basis that the pleading is vague and embarrassing or lacks the necessary averments to disclose a cause of action or defence.
Is law a science?
Laws differ from scientific theories in that they do not posit a mechanism or explanation of phenomena: they are merely distillations of the results of repeated observation.
How is logic used in law?
Logic is the lifeblood of American law. In case after case, prosecutors, defense counsel, civil attorneys, and judges call upon the rules of logic to structure their arguments. Law professors, for their part, demand that students defend their comments with coherent, identifiable logic.
What is the no defeaters theory?
The theory asserts that a person’s belief constitutes knowledge if the belief is true, justified, and has no defeaters. A defeater is defined as a belief that is incompatible with another belief.
What defeater means?
One who defeats
Noun. defeater (plural defeaters) One who defeats. defeater of the rebel hordes. (logic, philosophy) a belief which, if proved to be true, would imply outright or indirectly that another belief were false.
What is falsity and soundness of an argument mean?
A valid argument may still have a false conclusion. When we construct our arguments, we must aim to construct one that is not only valid, but sound. A sound argument is one that is not only valid, but begins with premises that are actually true. The example given about toasters is valid, but not sound.
What is validity and soundness?
A valid argument need not have true premises or a true conclusion. On the other hand, a sound argument DOES need to have true premises and a true conclusion: Soundness: An argument is sound if it meets these two criteria: (1) It is valid. (2) Its premises are true.
What are the three exceptions?
There are three types of exception—the checked exception, the error and the runtime exception.
What are exceptions in contract law?
EXCEPTION, contracts. An exception is a clause in a deed,. by which the lessor excepts something out of that which he granted before by the deed.
Is law a art?
Law possesses creative power and imagination, as does art, and is therefore also closely linked to the notion of artifice. Law imitates through invention and fiction, as indeed art imitates nature.